Naphthoquinone is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is an organic compound that has the formula C10H6O2. It can be viewed as derivatives of naphthalene through the replacement of two hydrogen atoms by two ketone groups. It is a yellow crystalline substance that is related to quinone, procurable by oxidizing naphthalene with chromic acid. Naphthoquinone has an [...]
Dehydroascorbic acid is an organic compound that occurs when ascorbic acid is oxidized. Oxidization is a process by which compounds are chemically changed after being exposed to air. In the case of dehydroascorbic acid, two hydrogen atoms are removed from the ascorbic acid compound when air is present. The new compound is dehydrogenized and is [...]
Vitamin D: How the Body is Affected by its Promotion and Deficiency Vitamin D is an extraordinarily important vitamin which promotes the overall health of the body. Produced naturally in the human skin or in plant life through the exposure to sunlight, vitamin D, found in various forms in life, is necessary to regulate normal [...]
Beta-Carotene: An Overview β-carotene is a chemical that has been classified as a terpenoid in the plant world. Terpenoids are a sector of organic chemicals. They have structures which include five-carbon isoprene units, but vary significantly in shape and other elements of structure. It is a well known fact that the compound beta-carotene contributes to [...]
Vitamin D is a group of secosteroids that are soluble in fat. They are unlike other vitamins in this respect. The D group consists of five natural analogues and several synthetic analogues. One of the most prominent of the natural analogues is Vitamin D3, although some synthetic forms do exist. Vitamin D3 is one of [...]
Ascorbic acid is a water soluble antioxidant. Ascorbic acid is also referred to as vitamin C. The sugar acid, ascorbic acid, is white or pale yellow. The antioxidant is available in powder form or crystal form. Scurvy occurs in people from a lack of vitamin C. Vitamin C, the antioxidant, acts as an agent against [...]
Riboflavin, or vitamin B2, is one of a family of eight B vitamins. It helps the body convert food, or carbohydrates, into fuel, known as glucose, which can be burned to produce energy. Vitamin B Complex There are eight separate vitamins within the B complex, including B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9 and B12. [...]
The ‘K’ in Vitamin K is derived from the German term, koagulation. It is a fat-soluble enzyme that plays an important role in blood coagulation, or clotting. There are five forms of Vitamin K. Vitamin K1 and K2 are the natural forms of Vitamin K. There are also three synthetic forms of Vitamin K, which [...]
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water soluble vitamin necessary for biological processes in humans and other animals. It is required for collagen production in blood vessels, cartilage, bones, and muscles. It also is critical for the prevention of bleeding capillaries, and the healing of wounds. It is generally produced internally by [...]
Menatetrenone (also known as Vitamin K2) The foods we eat contains various nutrients, which are required for the overall growth and maintenance of our body. They regulate various functions of the body and keep it healthy and going. Omitting or skipping any one of the five nutrients could cause imbalances in the body and leave [...]
The B Vitamins are a group of eight water-soluble vitamins that perform many important cell and body functions. Since these vitamins perform so many important functions they are essential for good health. This group of vitamins is also known as B-Complex. Because these vitamins are water-soluble they are not stored in the body. What this [...]
Tretinoin is the acidic form of vitamin A. It is also known as ATRA or all-trans retinoic acid. It is most commonly used to treat acne and other inflammatory skin conditions. It most commonly comes in gel or cream form and is sold under name brands such as Retin-A, Airol, Aberela, Renova, and Stieva-A. It [...]
A vitamin is a natural substance that is required by the human body in order for it to grow and develop. Vitamins provide a source of energy that is used for metabolism in the body as well as promote health by the prevention of certain illnesses. Vitamins are made up of chemical elements that must [...]
Introduction Forty percent of all Americans take their morning vitamins as regularly as they brush their teeth, convinced that these supplements will put a sparkle in their eye, a bounce in their walk and make up for the fact that their dietary intake over the last 12 hours has included a giant Whopper dripping with [...]
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble organic nutrient divided into five analogues, the two most important of which are D2 and D3. Vitamin D mentioned without the subscript usually means D2, D3, or a combination of both. Some analogues of vitamin D are produced by the skin of all vertebrates as a result to the exposure [...]
A healthy mind resides in a healthy body. To keep the body fit and healthy we add supplements and nutrients to our regular diet. The supplements not only help us to stay active but also provide the energy required to perform various physical and mental activities. A perfect diet should consist of all the five [...]
Fat soluble vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissue and liver. These vitamins are used over a period of time unlike water soluble vitamins that need to be replenished daily. Individuals with an inability to digest fats, as in intestinal disorders or persons with reduced consumption because of low fat diets, may have deficiencies [...]
Vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid, is an unstable viscous oil that is sensitive to acids, bases, and heat. It is biologically active in the forms of coenzyme A (CoA) and acyl carrier protein. It is an essential nutrient that’s crucial to a number of life-sustaining reactions in the human body. One of the B vitamins, [...]
Sitocalciferol or Vitamin D5 is one of six different forms of vitamin D, which are numbered from D2 to D7. All six of these forms are based upon calcitrol, and will be converted into calcitrol by the body when they are consumed. They differ in their origin, however, with vitamin D2 and D3 being naturally [...]
Menadione / Vitamin K3 Vitamins are a type of compound that is necessary for people to have for health purposes and to grow. However, they are usually only needed in relatively small amounts and can usually be found in foods that are eaten all the time. Vitamin K is a type of compound that is [...]
Overview Tocofersolan is a synthetic form of vitamin E that is also water soluble. Natural forms of Vitamin E are fat soluble instead of water soluble. Chemically, tocofersolan, is a polyethylene glycol. The product is derived from an alpha-tocopehrol. The synthetic form of vitamin E, Tocofersolan, is available for people who cannot absorb fats as [...]
Vitamin E is a broad-term that commonly refers to a group of eight fat-soluble compounds with antioxidant activity. Vitamin E works in the body by preventing oxidation and damage to cells caused by free radicals. When free radicals react with oxygen the body naturally produces reactive oxygen species that damage cells. Not only is vitamin [...]
Vitamin D4 (Also known as: 22,23-Dihydroergocalciferol (Vitamin D2 without the 22,23 double bond) Vitamin D4 is an ineffective form of Vitamin D. It forms dihydrotachysterol, or Dht (not to be confused with DHT, the hormone treatment). Vitamin D4 is a form of the D Vitamin group, categorized as fat-soluble secosteroids. The two most commonly used [...]
Vitamin E is a vitamin that contains antioxidant properties and is fat soluble. There are eight different formers in which it exists, and two groups under which they fall. Vitamin E may exist in tocopherol and tocotrienol forms, and both of these groups contain alpha, beta, gamma and delta variants. The most active form found [...]
Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal Phosphate, Pyridoxamine Overview Vitamin B6 is a part of the vitamin B complex group. The vitamin is water-soluble and is sometimes referred to as Pyridoxine. This vitamin aids in the metabolism of amino acids and the production of glucose from glycogen. Though many of the vitamin B group members have properties [...]
A Guide to Vitamin B-1 (thiamine) Vitamin B-1 is also known as “Thiamine” or “Thiamin.” It was the first of the eight B-vitamins to be discovered by scientists. It is also a very important substance to animals and people because they use this vitamin and other B-vitamins to digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins. People also [...]
Vitamin A Overview Vitamins are organic compounds that living organisms need in order to survive. These compounds are molecules that cannot be synthesized efficiently and in large enough quantities by the body and must be obtained from outside sources like food and/or nutritional supplements. Vitamins are classified based on how they interact with the body [...]
Phylloquinone/K1 Vitamin K1 comes in two forms, Phylloquinone, the natural version of vitamin K1, and phytonadione, the synthetic form of vitamin K1. Vitamin K1, is a viscous oil, clear to amber in color, odorless, and fat soluble. The name phylloquinone is given to natural occurring vitamin K1 because it is an indirect product of photosynthesis [...]
Beta Carotene Beta Carotene or B Carotene Beta carotene is a vitamin A precursor that is produced by many different species of plants. It belongs to a group of chemicals known as carotenes, which are themselves part of a larger chemical group called carotenoids. beta-carotene, sometimes written as b carotene, is also known as provitamin [...]
D2 (Ergosterol, Ergocalciferol) Vitamin D is present in numerous sources of food, such as cod liver oils, fish, eggs and fortified milk. The sun is also responsible for contributing a significant level of vitamin D to a daily production, and it is believed that obtaining just ten minutes of sun exposure is enough to prevent [...]
Vitamin E – Tocopherol (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta) Tocopherols are a group of four chemical compounds discovered in 1922 by anatomist and embryologist Herbert McLean Evans. Evans was conducting feeding experiments on rats using vitamins B and C. During these experiments, Evans concluded that despite the rats being feed every known nutrient, they were still [...]
B9 (Folic acid, Dihydrofolic acid, Folinic acid) Vitamin B9 is commonly referred to as folic acid. Most individuals who have conceived are familiar with vitamin B9. Physicians often recommend vitamin B9 to females who are trying to conceive and who are pregnant. Studies have shown that vitamin B9 reduces the risks of birth defects in [...]
Walk into any pharmacy or beauty department and you will find products with retinol. It is praised for its anti-aging abilities, and the positive benefits it has to offer your skin. Here is everything you need to know to understand retinol, its benefits and its uses. What is Retinol? Retinol is the animal form of [...]
B3 (Niacin, Nicotinamide) B3 is a vitamin that is made up of nicotinic acid, or niacin, and niacinamide, its amide. Vitamin B3 is typically found in a number of different foods, including fish, meat, eggs, yeast, cereal grains or green vegetables. Niacin can also be converted within the body through dietary tryptophan. Typically, the vitamin [...]
Everything you Need to Know About Biotin Biotin is also known as vitamin B7, but you might hear it referred to as Coenzyme R, D-Biotin, W Factor, and Vitamin H. It is a water soluble B vitamin and is used in many different ways within the body but is essential for all people. For instance, [...]
B12 (Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Methylcobalamin, Cobamamide) Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin that is water soluble. It is also very commonly found in numerous different kinds of foods, such as dairy products, fish, meat and shellfish. Frequently, vitamin B12 is used in conjunction with other vitamin B types in a complex formulation. The vitamin serves to [...]